True stories
from the people defending
critical infrastructure.
Real conversations about OT security, ICS protection, SCADA, IT/OT convergence, AI, compliance, and the human side of keeping critical systems running. Hosted by Aaron Crow, founder of Corvo Security. 120+ episodes and counting.
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- 120+
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- Independent
THE FULL SPECTRUM OF CYBERSECURITY
OT, IT, AI, compliance, leadership, incident response, and the messy human dynamics where most security programs actually live or die.
Protecting power plants, water utilities, manufacturing, and transportation. Grounded in NIST 800-82 and the Purdue Model.
Bridging the gap between IT and OT teams, technologies, and the mindsets that often divide them.
AI, cloud, quantum, and automation in industrial environments. Practical impact, not breathless hype.
NERC CIP, SANS Five ICS Critical Controls, risk-based approaches that go beyond checkbox audits.
Building trust between teams, developing talent, and navigating the organizational dynamics that determine whether security actually happens.
Real breach stories, tabletop exercises, and lessons from the people who took the call at 2 AM.
Hosted by Aaron Crow.
Aaron is the founder of Corvo Security and a long-time operator in OT, ICS, and enterprise cybersecurity. He started PrOTect IT All because most of the cybersecurity world either ignores the operational technology side or treats it like a foreign country.
The show is a long-form conversation with the practitioners actually doing the work: incident responders, control system engineers, CISOs, regulators, vendors, and the occasional skeptic. No vendor pitches. No scripted talking points.
ON AIR NOW
The most recent six episodes, pulled live from the show feed. Each link opens the episode page on protectitallpod.com.
Million-Dollar Buttons: How Offshore OT Is Embracing Containers and Modern Cybersecurity
Offshore oil and gas operations don't have the luxury of simply shutting everything down and starting over. In this episode of Protect It All, host Aaron Crow sits down with Josh Herr and Matt McLendon to explore the real-world challenges of modernizing cybersecurity and technology in offshore operational technology (OT) environments. From million-dollar equipment and aging control systems to virtualization, containers, and edge computing, this conversation reveals what it actually takes to keep critical industrial operations running when technology fails, hardware is difficult to replace, and downtime can come at an enormous cost. Aaron, Josh, and Matt share stories from the field, including the creative decisions operators sometimes have to make to keep one rig running when another goes down. They also explore the gradual shift from legacy Windows and Sun workstations toward Linux, containerization, and newer approaches to managing industrial systems. But this isn't simply a conversation about replacing old technology with new technology. It's about understanding the realities of OT cybersecurity, where reliability, availability, safety, cost, and security all have to work together. Key Learning: Why offshore OT environments present unique cybersecurity challenges How legacy systems continue to influence modern industrial operations Why containers and virtualization are gaining ground in OT How operators balance cybersecurity with uptime and reliability The surprising realities of maintaining aging industrial hardware What the shift from Windows to Linux can mean for OT environments How creative problem-solving can keep critical operations running Where AI, containers, and modern infrastructure could take OT next Key Moments: 06:16 Frustrations with vendor costs and delays 09:34 Offshore connectivity and autonomy challenges 13:02 Managing power plants across Texas 16:19 Challenges with industrial HMIs and alarms 19:40 Vendor control and security policies 21:16 Component delays and industry characters 24:08 Final integration testing and safety factors 28:20 Vendor management challenges with outdated tech 34:02 Missing sysadmin skills in industry 35:59 Challenges with ARM architecture 41:09 Managing hardware life cycles 44:23 Concerns about AI and open source 45:43 Future of JavaScript and integration Whether you work in oil and gas, industrial cybersecurity, critical infrastructure, engineering, or OT operations, this episode offers an honest look at the gap between cybersecurity theory and what actually works in the field. Listen in for the war stories, lessons learned, and "art of the possible" approaches helping bring modern technology into some of the world's most challenging OT environments. About the guests: Matt is a multidisciplinary team leader and technology practitioner with experience spanning electrical systems, controls, automation, data systems, and IS/IT. His background includes offshore oil and gas electronics, systems administration, and computer hardware, with a strong emphasis on troubleshooting and component-level repair. Matt has led diverse technical teams in fast-paced, mission-critical environments, where collaboration, clarity, and effective problem-solving are essential. Contact Matt: https://www.linkedin.com/in/matthewamclendon/ Josh is a software engineer and technology architect with more than a decade of experience designing and building sys...
AI Agent Security: How to Stop Autonomous AI from Becoming Your Biggest Insider Threat
AI agents are becoming more autonomous - but are they becoming more secure? In this episode of Protect It All, host Aaron Crow welcomes David Girvin for a timely discussion about one of the fastest-growing challenges in cybersecurity: AI agent security and governance. From an unconventional career as a ship captain to building one of the first governance platforms for AI agents, David shares why organizations must begin treating AI agents as powerful digital coworkers with permissions, identities, and risks that require the same level of oversight as human employees. Together, Aaron and David explore how autonomous AI systems can unintentionally create business risk, why credential starvation, execution-layer security, and human-in-the-loop controls are becoming essential, and how organizations can safely adopt AI without sacrificing security. In this episode, you'll learn: Why AI agents should be treated like insider threats The biggest security risks of autonomous AI How guardrails prevent costly AI mistakes Why human oversight still matters in an AI-driven world What credential starvation means and why it's effective Practical governance strategies for enterprise AI adoption Key Moments: 05:31 Career paths and diverse experiences 06:24 Startup experiences and mentoring journey 09:30 Exploring a career shift to marketing 15:30 Building a Successful Career 18:20 Governance and AI risks 19:24 Early AI research and presentation 23:19 Just-in-time tokens discussion 27:52 Balancing work, family, and startup challenges 30:48 Transitioning from Operations to Events 35:18 Industry friendships and shared experiences 36:04 Work stress and job challenges 39:49 Securing AI systems and LLM inputs 43:46 Developing AI observability tools 47:56 Managing session risk and autonomy levels 51:14 Security and file management controls 55:34 Cybersecurity awareness chat Whether you're building AI applications, leading cybersecurity programs, or simply exploring how AI will change your business, this episode offers practical insights into securing the next generation of intelligent systems. Tune in to learn how organizations can embrace AI innovation while keeping people, data, and critical systems protected. About the guest : David Girvin is a cybersecurity leader, security architect, and Founder & CEO of Assury.ai, where he is building execution-level governance for AI agents. With leadership experience at companies including 1Password, Red Canary, and Sumo Logic, David has spent his career helping organizations strengthen security, architecture, and AI strategy. He specializes in making complex cybersecurity and AI concepts practical and accessible, helping businesses adopt emerging technologies securely and responsibly. Links to connect David: LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/david-a-girvin/ Website: https://assury.ai Learn more about PrOTect IT All: Email: [email protected] Website: https://protectitallpod.com/ep119 X: https://twitter.com/protectitall YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@PrOTectITAll FaceBook:
AI & Cybersecurity: Why People, Accountability & Resilience Still Matter
AI is changing cybersecurity at an incredible pace. But are organizations prepared for the risks that come with it? In this episode of Protect It All, host Aaron Crow sits down with Brian Schleifer, an industry veteran with decades of experience spanning the military, technology, consulting, defense, and critical infrastructure. Aaron and Brian explore what it really takes to adopt AI responsibly across IT and OT cybersecurity. Beyond the technology itself, they examine the human side of security, including communication, collaboration, accountability, and the skills needed to make new technologies work in the real world. The conversation also tackles the growing challenges of AI governance, shadow AI, continuous monitoring, and cyber-physical resilience. Rather than treating AI as a magic solution, Brian offers a practical perspective on how organizations can be intentional about where and how they use AI while preparing for the disruptions it may create. Key Learnings: How organizations can approach AI adoption in IT and OT cybersecurity Why communication and collaboration are critical to successful security programs The growing risks of shadow AI and AI governance Why human accountability remains essential as AI becomes more capable How continuous monitoring can strengthen cyber-physical security Why organizations need to think beyond prevention and prepare for resilience and business continuity How people, process, and technology must work together in an AI-driven environment Key Moments: 05:22 Working in tech and cybersecurity 07:23 Importance of people skills in business 10:20 Importance of Listening First 14:31 Implementing Machine Learning Thoughtfully 16:44 Importance of Human Oversight in AI 20:21 Discussing security and human accountability 24:24 Publishing a book with AI tools 27:47 Future of computing technology 31:39 Focusing on disaster recovery strategies 35:27 Budgeting Challenges with Emerging Tech 38:00 Focus on proactive security planning 40:40 Evaluating cybersecurity effectiveness 45:49 Challenges in incident response logistics 47:33 Talking about Security Week events Whether you're a cybersecurity leader, OT professional, technology executive, or simply trying to understand what AI means for the future of security, this episode offers practical perspectives on navigating the change without losing sight of what matters most. Listen to the latest episode of Protect It All and discover how organizations can embrace AI while building the trust, accountability, and resilience needed to protect what matters. About the Guest : Brian "SchleiF" Schleifer is a retired United States Air Force veteran, cybersecurity professional, content leader, and owner of PAVE Consulting LLC, which provides digital content creation and cybersecurity consulting. Through PAVE Consulting, he currently supports SecurityWeek as Director of Content and Events, helping lead conferences, podcasts, webinars, and executive-level cybersecurity programming. Brian previously served in senior cybersecurity engineering and leadership roles at Modern Technology Solutions Inc. His experience includes cyber-physical and weapon systems security, security control assessment, cyber testing, risk management, and AI governance. He is pursuing a Doctor of Technology at Purdue University, where his research focuses on adaptive cybersecurity policy for AI-enabled systems. He is also the creator of the Adaptive Artificial Intelligence Risk and Assurance Framework, or AAIRAF. With more than 10,000 hours of public speaking, inst...
OT Pen Testing: Why Trust, Culture & Hands-On Experience Matter Most
Effective OT penetration testing isn't just about finding vulnerabilities, it's about building trust. In this episode of Protect It All, host Aaron Crow is joined by Oren Niskin and Reynaldo Gonzalez for an engaging discussion on the evolving role of penetration testing in operational technology (OT) environments. Drawing from years of experience in industrial operations, IT, and OT cybersecurity, Oren and Reynaldo explain why successful OT security assessments require far more than technical expertise. They explore how trust, communication, and collaboration help bridge the gap between security teams and operations, making penetration testing a valuable business tool rather than something to fear. The conversation also highlights the importance of diverse career paths, hands-on learning, and mentoring the next generation of cybersecurity professionals. From network segmentation and risk communication to creating realistic lab environments, this episode offers practical lessons for anyone responsible for securing critical infrastructure. Key Learnings: Why trust is essential for successful OT penetration testing How IT and operational experience strengthen OT security teams The value of network segmentation in reducing cyber risk Why "doing nothing" is no longer an acceptable cybersecurity strategy How organizations can bridge the gap between safety, operations, and security Practical ways to develop the next generation of OT cybersecurity professionals Key Moments: 07:00 Oren's technology and security approach 15:04 Discussing network security measures 19:16 Building Trust in Business Relationships 26:17 Understanding and planning security architecture 30:16 Network management and rule assessment 33:39 Managing and Assessing Tool Overload 38:39 Analyzing tool overlap and complementarity 48:41 Building a trusting team culture 49:48 Encouraging Open Communication 56:34 Getting into cybersecurity without IT experience 01:04:56 Entry-level ICS training courses Whether you're an OT engineer, penetration tester, security leader, or just beginning your cybersecurity journey, this episode delivers practical insights into protecting industrial environments while building stronger relationships across teams. Tune in to discover why the most successful OT penetration tests don't just identify vulnerabilities they build trust, strengthen teams, and improve security for the long term. About the guests: Oren Niskin is Principal OT Security Engineer at GuidePoint Security. His 20-year arc runs from the US Navy as a Nuclear Electrician's Mate, to Electronics Technician on offshore drilling rigs, to office OT/IT management, to OT cybersecurity consulting at EY, and now into OT cyber engineering at GuidePoint. He also runs Packets Or It Didn't Happen, a YouTube livestream where he builds a factory-realistic PLC and HMI training kit on camera (the open-source PLC Trainer Kit), aimed at helping newcomers get hands-on with OT for under $500. Link to connect Oren Niskin: LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/orenniskin/ YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@PacketsOrItDidntHappen PLC Trainer Kit (GitHub): https://github.com/oniskin/PLC-Trainer-Kit LinkedIn Group: https://www.linkedin.com/groups/17708001/ Reynaldo Gonzalez is a recognized cybersecurity thought leader with 18+ years of experience...
Cybersecurity Leadership: Why People Matter More Than Technology
The biggest cybersecurity challenge isn't technology - it's people. In this episode of Protect It All, host Aaron Crow welcomes Swapnil Kachave for an insightful conversation about what it really takes to build high-performing cybersecurity teams in an era of AI, automation, and increasing cyber threats. Having built and led Security Operations Center (SOC) teams across five industries, Swapnil shares why successful cybersecurity programs are driven by leadership, communication, and continuous learning - not just the latest tools. Together, Aaron and Swapnil explore the growing impact of alert fatigue, burnout, workforce development, and the changing role of AI in modern security operations. They also discuss why "people debt" can become just as dangerous as technical debt and how organizations can create resilient teams prepared for the future. Key Moments: Why cybersecurity leadership is fundamentally about people How to reduce alert fatigue and improve SOC performance The importance of mentoring, training, and career development How AI is changing security operations - and the skills teams need next Why communication and empathy make better security leaders How organizations can prepare teams for emerging technologies like AI and quantum computing Whether you're leading a SOC, managing cybersecurity programs, or just beginning your security career, this episode delivers practical leadership lessons that extend far beyond technology. Key Moments: 06:04 Dealing with alert fatigue 07:55 Navigating SOC career growth 13:54 From network admin to new opportunities 14:41 Diverse career path overview 21:02 Translating tech issues for executives 23:41 Importance of Soft Skills in Tech 25:50 Prioritizing practical knowledge over trends 31:03 Prototyping and learning new skills 35:26 Using AI to validate ideas 37:57 Human awareness vs. tech evolution 41:32 Quality assurance in AI responses 42:40 Discussing AI system reliability 46:05 Accelerating processes with AI tools Tune in to discover why investing in people is still the most effective cybersecurity strategy - only on Protect It All. About the guest : Swapnil Kachave is a cybersecurity operations leader with extensive experience building and leading Security Operations Center (SOC) teams across five industries. Passionate about developing people as much as technology, Swapnil specializes in security operations, incident response, and leadership development. They focus on helping organizations build resilient cybersecurity teams by balancing technical excellence with communication, mentorship, and continuous learning in an increasingly AI-driven world. How to connect Swapnil: LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/swapniilkachave/ Website: https://www.optiv.com/= Learn more about PrOTect IT All: Email: [email protected] Website: https://protectitallpod.com/ep116 X: https://twitter.com/protectitall YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@PrOTectITAll FaceBook: https://facebook.com/protectitallpodcast To be a guest or suggest a guest/episode, please email us at...
Conficker Still Exists? The Hidden OT Malware Threat Putting Critical Infrastructure at Risk
Some of the biggest cybersecurity threats to critical infrastructure aren't new - they've simply never gone away. In this episode of Protect It All, host Aaron Crow welcomes back Lesley Carhart for a fascinating conversation about why decades-old malware like Conficker continues to infect operational technology (OT) environments around the world. Drawing on nearly two decades of industrial incident response experience, they share real-world stories from the front lines of critical infrastructure, explaining why legacy systems, operational constraints, and workforce shortages continue to make remediation incredibly challenging. The discussion goes far beyond "just patch it," exploring the difficult risk decisions organizations face when uptime, safety, and cybersecurity all compete for priority. Aaron and Lesley also examine one of the industry's most pressing issues: the growing shortage of OT cybersecurity talent and the need to rebuild foundational technical skills for the next generation of defenders. Key Learnings: Why malware like Conficker still exists in modern OT environments The unique challenges of removing malware from industrial control systems Why patching isn't always possible in operational technology How legacy infrastructure creates long-term cybersecurity risk The growing OT cybersecurity skills gap - and how the industry can address it Practical lessons from real-world industrial incident response Key Moments: 05:47 Challenges with Old Industrial Systems 06:58 Struggles with malware cleanup 11:02 Challenges in Cyber Security Careers 16:19 Dealing with malware spread 17:53 Managing infection risk long-term 23:04 Challenges with nuclear hardware upgrades 27:05 Training the Next Tech Generation 29:33 Importance of Computer Basics 34:04 Discovering hidden technical issues 37:01 Troubleshooting in industrial environments 39:10 Malware and botnets era 42:20 Developing low-touch security solutions Whether you're responsible for manufacturing, utilities, energy, transportation, or any critical infrastructure environment, this episode provides practical insight into one of OT cybersecurity's longest-running challenges. Tune in to discover why yesterday's malware is still creating today's biggest industrial cybersecurity problems - and what organizations can do about it. About the guest : Lesley Carhart is a Principal Industrial Incident Responder at Dragos and a recognized expert in OT and industrial cybersecurity. With nearly two decades of experience in incident response, digital forensics, and threat hunting, they help organizations defend critical infrastructure from cyber threats targeting industrial control systems. Lesley is also a respected speaker, instructor, and advocate for cybersecurity education, regularly sharing their expertise with industry professionals and the next generation of defenders. How to connect Lesley: LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lcarhart/ Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/user/hacks4pancakes Bluesky : https://bsky.app/profile/hacks4pancakes.com Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/hacks4pancakes/ Website: https://tisiphone.net/ Learn more about PrOTect IT All: Email: [email protected]
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